Inderal: Comprehensive Beta-Blocker Therapy for Cardiovascular and Anxiety Management
Inderal
| Product dosage: 10mg | |||
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| Package (num) | Per pill | Price | Buy |
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| 360 | 0.30 $
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| Product dosage: 40mg | |||
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| 90 | 0.65 $ | 58.50 $ (0%) | 🛒 Add to cart |
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| Product dosage: 80mg | |||
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Synonyms | |||
Similar products
Inderal (propranolol hydrochloride) is a non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking agent that has been a cornerstone in medical therapy for decades. As a first-generation beta-blocker, it competitively antagonizes catecholamine effects at both β₁- and β₂-adrenergic receptors, producing diverse therapeutic benefits across cardiovascular, neurological, and endocrine conditions. Its well-established efficacy profile and extensive clinical history make it a trusted choice among healthcare professionals for managing hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremor, and performance anxiety. The medication’s mechanism of action involves reducing sympathetic nervous system activity, decreasing cardiac output, inhibiting renin release, and increasing vascular capacitance, which collectively contribute to its therapeutic effects.
Features
- Non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blockade (β₁ and β₂)
- Available in immediate-release (10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg) and extended-release formulations (60mg, 80mg, 120mg, 160mg)
- High oral bioavailability with extensive first-pass metabolism
- Lipophilic properties enabling central nervous system penetration
- Plasma half-life of approximately 3-6 hours (immediate-release) and 8-11 hours (extended-release)
- Hepatic metabolism primarily via CYP2D6 and CYP1A2 isoenzymes
Benefits
- Effectively reduces blood pressure through decreased cardiac output and suppressed renin-angiotensin system activity
- Provides reliable control of tachyarrhythmias by slowing sinus rhythm and decreasing AV nodal conduction
- Significantly reduces migraine frequency and severity through cerebral vasoconstriction and neurogenic inflammation modulation
- Alleviates essential tremor symptoms by blocking peripheral β₂-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscle
- Manages performance anxiety and situational anxiety by preventing peripheral adrenergic symptoms
- Offers cardioprotective benefits in hyperthyroidism and pheochromocytoma management
Common use
Inderal is extensively utilized across multiple therapeutic areas. In cardiology, it serves as first-line therapy for hypertension management, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, and post-myocardial infarction care. Neurologists frequently prescribe it for migraine prophylaxis and essential tremor control. Psychiatrists and primary care physicians utilize it for performance anxiety, social anxiety disorder, and akathisia management. Additional off-label uses include treatment of portal hypertension, thyrotoxicosis, anxiety-induced tremors, and prevention of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.
Dosage and direction
Dosage must be individualized based on indication and patient response. For hypertension: Initial dose 40mg twice daily, increasing gradually to 120-240mg daily in divided doses. For angina: 80-320mg daily in divided doses. For arrhythmias: 10-30mg three or four times daily. For migraine prophylaxis: Initial 20mg four times daily, may increase to 160-240mg daily. Extended-release formulations are administered once daily. Administration should be with food to enhance bioavailability and minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Abrupt discontinuation must be avoided; taper gradually over 1-2 weeks to prevent rebound hypertension or angina exacerbation.
Precautions
Patients should be monitored for bradycardia and hypotension, especially during initial titration. Use with caution in patients with compensated heart failure, diabetes mellitus (may mask hypoglycemic symptoms), or hepatic impairment. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and ECG is recommended. Patients should avoid alcohol consumption and be cautioned about potential dizziness or fatigue when operating machinery. Pulmonary function should be assessed in patients with asthma or COPD due to risk of bronchospasm. Elderly patients may require dosage adjustments due to altered pharmacokinetics.
Contraindications
Inderal is contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia, greater than first-degree heart block, sick sinus syndrome, uncompensated cardiac failure, bronchial asthma, and severe peripheral arterial circulatory disorders. Additional contraindications include hypersensitivity to propranolol or any component of the formulation, metabolic acidosis, and concurrent use with MAO inhibitors (allow 14-day washout period).
Possible side effect
Common adverse effects include fatigue (10-20%), bradycardia (5-15%), nausea (5-10%), diarrhea (5-8%), and cold extremities (5-10%). Less frequent effects include depression (2-5%), sleep disturbances (3-5%), bronchospasm (1-3%), and erectile dysfunction (1-2%). Rare but serious side effects include heart failure exacerbation, AV block, hypoglycemia, and Raynaud’s phenomenon. Most side effects are dose-dependent and often diminish with continued therapy or dosage adjustment.
Drug interaction
Significant interactions occur with calcium channel blockers (additive bradycardia), digoxin (increased AV block risk), antiarrhythmics (proarrhythmic potential), and insulin/oral hypoglycemics (masked hypoglycemia symptoms). CYP2D6 inhibitors (fluoxetine, quinidine) may increase propranolol concentrations. Concurrent use with sympathomimetics may antagonize hypertensive effects. NSAIDs may reduce antihypertensive efficacy. Alcohol potentiates CNS depression effects. Always review complete medication profile before initiation.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed administration. For twice-daily regimens, if remembered within 4 hours of missed dose, take immediately. For extended-release formulations, take missed dose if within 8 hours of scheduled time. Maintain regular dosing schedule thereafter without adjustment.
Overdose
Symptoms include severe bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, bronchospasm, hypoglycemia, and CNS depression. Management involves gastric lavage if presented early, activated charcoal, and supportive care. Specific treatments include atropine for bradycardia, glucagon for myocardial depression, vasopressors for hypotension, and bronchodilators for bronchospasm. Hemodialysis is not effective due to high protein binding. Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential until stable.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C/68-77°F) in original container with tight closure. Protect from light, moisture, and excessive heat. Keep out of reach of children. Do not use if capsules appear damaged or discolored. Do not transfer to other containers as moisture protection may be compromised. Discard unused medication properly according to local regulations.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Individual patient responses may vary. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before initiating or modifying any treatment regimen. Proper diagnosis and monitoring are essential for safe and effective therapy. Not all possible uses, precautions, or interactions are listed here.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate 70-80% efficacy in hypertension control with consistent use. Migraine studies show 50-60% reduction in frequency in responsive patients. Cardiology guidelines consistently recommend beta-blockers including Inderal for post-MI management. Patient satisfaction surveys indicate high effectiveness for performance anxiety, with 85% reporting reduced physical symptoms. Long-term safety data supports continued use under proper supervision. Most adverse effects are manageable through dosage adjustment.